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《法學(xué)論壇》2012年第三期目錄與摘要
http://m.cehavas.com 2012-7-26 14:49:47 來源：中國法學(xué)會網(wǎng)
1.論新《刑事訴訟法》中的判決前財產(chǎn)沒收程序（陳衛(wèi)東 中國人民大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，北京 100872）
摘要：2012年3月14日，十一屆全國人民代表大會第五次會議審議通過了《關(guān)于修改〈中華人民共和國刑事訴訟法〉的決定》，在特別程序一章增設(shè)了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件違法所得的沒收程序。但該程序在修改過程中和新法頒布后都引起了一些質(zhì)疑，其中最大的疑問就是犯罪嫌疑人、被告人未經(jīng)人民法院審判，其財產(chǎn)即被沒收是否有違《刑法》和《刑事訴訟法》“未經(jīng)人民法院依法判決，對任何人不得確定有罪”的基本原則�；貞�(yīng)上述疑問的關(guān)鍵在于從法理層面厘清概念、歸納特點并界定性質(zhì)，這樣我們才能準確理解和適用該程序。
關(guān)鍵詞：新刑事訴訟法；判決前財產(chǎn)沒收程序；民事沒收；刑事沒收
On the Confiscation without Trial in New Criminal Procedure Law
Author& unit:CHEN Weidong(law Schook,People’s University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
Abstract：In 14th, March, 2012, the decision on revising the criminal procedure law of the People''s Republic of China was approved by the fifth session of the eleventh National People’s Congress, which added the procedure of confiscation of illegal gains in cases where the suspects and defendants are escaped or died. However, it has aroused widespread doubts during the revision and after the publication of the new law. The biggest question is whether the basic principle of “Prior to a judgment rendered by the people''s court according to law, no one may be convicted of guilty.” in criminal procedure law and criminal law is violated because the properties of suspect and defendant are confiscated without trial by the people’s court. The author believes the key to response the question raised above is distinguishing the concept, inducing the characteristics and defining the property of the procedure, which helps us understand and apply to it accurately.
Key words：The new criminal procedure law； Confiscation Without Trial； Civil Asset Forfeiture, criminal Asset Forfeiture
2.適用監(jiān)視居住措施的合法性與公正性（李建明 南京師范大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，江蘇南京 210046）
摘要：監(jiān)視居住屬于非羈押性強制措施，對于被監(jiān)視居住的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人只能限制人身自由，而不能剝奪人身自由。監(jiān)視居住有其獨特的功能和價值，但必須嚴格遵守適用的條件和程序。違法采用監(jiān)視居住措施，可能使監(jiān)視居住成為變相的羈押措施，并為刑訊逼供的實施提供便利。為此，檢察機關(guān)應(yīng)當強化對于監(jiān)視居住決定與執(zhí)行的法律監(jiān)督。
監(jiān)視居住；非羈押性措施；刑事強制措施；刑事訴訟法修改
The Legitimacy and Fairness of the Application of Residential Surveillance Measures
Author&unit:LI Jianming(Law School, Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210046,China) Abstract：Residential surveillance is a non-custodial coercive measures .To the suspect and the defendant who was placed under surveillance, can only be restricted the personal freedom, not be deprived the personal freedom. Residential surveillance has its own unique features and value, but must strictly comply with the applicable conditions and procedures. Illegal residential surveillance measures may become a disguised form of detention measures, and to facilitate the implementation of torture. To this end, the procuratorial organs should strengthen the supervision of the decision and implementation of residential surveillance law.
Key words：residential surveillance; non-custodial measures;criminal compulsory measures; the modify of Code of Criminal Procedure
3.現(xiàn)行犯案件的初查措施：反思性研究——以新《刑事訴訟法》第117條對傳喚、拘傳的修改為切入（周長軍 山東大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，山東濟南 250100）
摘要：適應(yīng)公安機關(guān)辦理現(xiàn)行犯案件的現(xiàn)實需要，我國新《刑事訴訟法》第117條增設(shè)了對現(xiàn)行犯的口頭傳喚措施，但存在一定的問題。由于立法的科學(xué)性不足，當下實踐中，現(xiàn)行犯案件中初查措施的適用亂象紛呈�，F(xiàn)行犯案件初查中強制措施的適用既具有現(xiàn)實必要性，也具有理論正當性。應(yīng)當將現(xiàn)行犯的立案程序獨立設(shè)置，同時修改拘留制度，以明確被口頭傳喚或者無證拘留后的現(xiàn)行犯的犯罪嫌疑人身份，解決緊隨其后的訊問行為的合法性以及訊問筆錄的證據(jù)效力，消除“先偵后立”的現(xiàn)象。
關(guān)鍵詞：現(xiàn)行犯；初查；強制措施；傳喚；立案
The Preliminary Investigation Measures for Flagrante Delicto Cases: A Reflective Study——an angle from the newly modified Article 117 of the Criminal Procedure Act regarding subpoena and issue a warrant
Author & unit:ZHOU Changjun(Law School,Shandong University,Jinan Shandong 250100,China)
Abstract：In order to reflect to the practical needs of the public security organs in flagrante delicto cases, Article 117 of the Criminal Procedure Act has been modified to impose the oral summoned measures in flagrante delicto cases, however, problems remained. Due to lack of the scientific nature of the legislation, the current practice of preliminary investigation measures in flagrante delicto cases appeared to be chaotic. Applying the compulsory measures in flagrante delicto cases at the early investigation stage are both realistic and theoretically legitimate. It should set up an independent procedure for flagrante delicto cases and at the same time modify the detention system. In doing so, the identity of the flagrante delicto suspects summoned by the oral or undocumented in the detention would be clear. It would also help to address the legality of the interrogation transcripts followed by questioning and eliminating the phenomenon of “investigation first after filing a case.”
Key words：flagrante delicto; preliminary investigation; compulsory measures; subpoena; filing a case
4.論“不強迫自證其罪”條款的解釋與適用——《刑事訴訟法》解釋的策略與技術(shù)（萬 毅 四川大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，四川成都 610064）
摘要：修正后的《刑事訴訟法》第50條明確規(guī)定“不得強迫任何人證實自己有罪”，但是，關(guān)于該條款究竟是否賦予了被追訴人沉默權(quán)，理論界和實務(wù)界產(chǎn)生了認識上的分歧，由此導(dǎo)致“不強迫自證其罪”條款在我國司法實務(wù)中的運作前景存在一定的模糊性，其立法效果有待觀察。在司法實務(wù)中正確適用“不強迫自證其罪”條款，關(guān)鍵是堅持運用正確的法律解釋方法。
關(guān)鍵詞：不強迫自證其罪；沉默權(quán)；法律解釋；如實陳述
On the Explanation of the Against Self-incrimination:the Strategy and Skill of the Explanation of Criminal Procedure Law
Author & unit:WAN Yi(Law School,Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan 610064,China)
Abstract：In the Article No.50 of the latest Criminal procedure law provides that self-incrimination is prohibited.However,wether it grants the Right to be silence for the defendant has arose a discussion between practical and academic fields.Thus, uncertain factors may appear in the prospects of operation of the Article No.50 in judicial practice,and so does its legislative effect.
Key words：against self-incrimination；right to silence;explanation of law;true statement duty
5.監(jiān)護人責(zé)任若干爭議問題探討（劉保玉 北京航空航天大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，北京 100191）
摘要：我國《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》第32條第1款確立了監(jiān)護人責(zé)任適用無過錯責(zé)任原則，并設(shè)有責(zé)任減輕事由；該條第2款不涉及歸責(zé)原則問題，僅關(guān)涉有財產(chǎn)的被監(jiān)護人與其監(jiān)護人之間如何支付賠償費用的內(nèi)部關(guān)系；該條的兩款規(guī)定，形成了“外部、內(nèi)部關(guān)系區(qū)分”的體系構(gòu)造。在關(guān)涉被監(jiān)護人致人損害的數(shù)人侵權(quán)中，數(shù)個致害人的監(jiān)護人之間及其監(jiān)護人與其他責(zé)任主體之間形成的責(zé)任形態(tài)難以統(tǒng)一規(guī)定，應(yīng)區(qū)分不同的責(zé)任主體并結(jié)合侵權(quán)類型具體認定。由于我國立法上未承認限制行為能力人和無行為能力人的侵權(quán)責(zé)任能力，故在被監(jiān)護人致人損害的情況下，其責(zé)任主體是監(jiān)護人，而非被監(jiān)護人；在監(jiān)護人責(zé)任糾紛訴訟中，應(yīng)單列監(jiān)護人為被告。
監(jiān)護人責(zé)任；歸責(zé)原則；體系構(gòu)造；責(zé)任形態(tài)；訴訟主體
On Several Issues related to Liability for Guardian
Author & unit:LIU Baoyu (Law school，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China)
Abstract：The first clause of Article 32 in the Tort Liability Law of P. R. China provides that the imputative principle of liability for guardian is no-fault liability which has a special extenuating circumstance; the second clause of this article merely focuses on the internal relationship the payment for compensation expenditure, which does not involve the imputative principle of liability. Consequently the systematic structure of these two clauses of the above article is to “the distinction between external and internal relationship”. It almost cannot make a unified regulation about the liability form among several guardians and ‘the guardian and other subject of liability’ in the multiple-parties torts and it should make specific decisions in terms of different subjects of liability; the civil defendant in the case of the liability for guardian should be the guardian.
Key words：liability for guardian; imputative principle of liability; systematic structure; apportionment of liability; subjects of lawsuit
6.教唆人、幫助人責(zé)任與監(jiān)護人責(zé)任（楊立新 中國人民大學(xué) 民商事法律科學(xué)研究中心，北京 100872）
摘要：教唆人、幫助人教唆、幫助無民事行為能力人或者限制民事行為能力人實施侵權(quán)行為，其責(zé)任與教唆、幫助完全民事行為能力人實施侵權(quán)行為不同，原因在于多數(shù)教唆人或者幫助人與監(jiān)護人的未盡監(jiān)護責(zé)任行為構(gòu)成共同侵權(quán)行為，其責(zé)任形態(tài)為單向連帶責(zé)任。在法律適用中，規(guī)定教唆人、幫助人責(zé)任與監(jiān)護人責(zé)任的《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》第9條第2款和該法第32條是特殊規(guī)則與一般規(guī)則的關(guān)系。
關(guān)鍵詞：教唆人；幫助人；無民事行為能力人；限制民事行為能力人；監(jiān)護人；單向連帶責(zé)任
Liability of Instigator or Assistant and Liability of Guardian
Author & unit:YANG Lixin(Research Center of Civil and Commercial Jurisprudence， Renmin University of China，Beijing 100872,China)
Abstract：The liability of someone who instigates or assists a person without capacity for civil act or with limited capacity for civil act to engage in tortious conduct is different from that of someone who instigates or assists a person with full capacity for civil act to engage in tortious conduct. The reason is that mostly the conduct of an instigator or assistant and the conduct of a guardian constitute joint tort, which means the modality of liability is unilateral joint and several liability. In the matter of application of Tort Liability Law of P.R.C., the relation between Article 9:2 which stipulates the liability of instigator or assistant and the liability of guardian and Article 32 can be described as the relation between special rules and general rules.
Key words：Instigator; Assistant; Persons without Capacity for Civil Act; Persons with Limited Capacity for Civil Act; Guardian; Unilateral Joint and Several Liability
7.監(jiān)護人責(zé)任的歸責(zé)原則及其適用爭點解析（孫瑞璽 山東達洋律師事務(wù)所，山東東營 257064）
摘要：我國《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》第32條關(guān)于監(jiān)護人責(zé)任的規(guī)定，是在承襲《民法通則》第133條規(guī)定的基礎(chǔ)上經(jīng)修改而成。該條第1款的歸責(zé)原則是一種有減責(zé)抗辯事由的無過錯責(zé)任；第2款既未確定所謂監(jiān)護人的補充責(zé)任形態(tài)，也未確立所謂公平責(zé)任形態(tài)，其與歸責(zé)原則無涉，而屬于例外規(guī)定性質(zhì)的條款；該條第1款確定了監(jiān)護人責(zé)任的一般原則，第2款則是針對第1款的特殊的例外規(guī)定。在涉及監(jiān)護人侵權(quán)責(zé)任的訴訟中可以直接列監(jiān)護人為被告。
監(jiān)護人責(zé)任；歸責(zé)原則；減責(zé)的抗辯事由
Analysis on Guardian Liability Imputation Principle and Application Point of Contention
Author & unit:SUN Ruixi(Shandong da yang law firm,Dongying Shandong 257064，China)
Abstract：Our country“tort law” article 32 on the guardian’s liability provisions in the general principles of the civil law “inherited” article 133 regulation based modified into. The paragraph 1 of the principle of imputation is a reduced liability defenses of no-fault liability; second did not define the so-called Guardian liability modality, and the establishment of the so-called equitable liability form, and the imputation principle of neutrality,and belongs to the nature of the exceptions clause;paragraph 1determined the guardian [JP2]responsibilities general principles,second to first of this special exceptions.In relation to the guardian’s [JP]tort liability litigation can be directly classified guardian for the defendant.
Key words：the guardian''s liability； liability principle； reduced liability defenses
8.現(xiàn)代買賣法瑕疵概念的考察（杜景林 對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué) 外語學(xué)院，北京 100029）
摘要：現(xiàn)代買賣法之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任規(guī)則應(yīng)當將瑕疵概念作為出賣人責(zé)任的法律技術(shù)連結(jié)點，同時擴展瑕疵概念內(nèi)涵，使其在性能協(xié)議的基礎(chǔ)上，補充適用輔助性的兜底規(guī)則，以此將瑕疵安裝、異類物交付和過少交付一并納入到瑕疵概念之下。保留權(quán)利瑕疵的概念，但相應(yīng)地適用物之瑕疵規(guī)則，以此實現(xiàn)法律效果方面的統(tǒng)一。無論物之瑕疵還是權(quán)利瑕疵，均統(tǒng)一地以危險移轉(zhuǎn)為準據(jù)時點，也就是通常以交付為準據(jù)時點。
關(guān)鍵詞：買賣法；瑕疵；性能協(xié)議；異類物交付；準據(jù)時點
Defects in Warranty in Modern Law of Sale
Author & unit:DU Jinglin (University of International Business & Economics, Beijing 100029, China)
Abstract：Warranty-rules in modern law of sale should induct defects as connect-point for seller-liability, extent defects, so that based on quality-agreement, man applies subsidiary rules, simultaneous, man puts defective montage, aliud-delivery and less-delivery into defects. Man retains defects in title, corresponding applies rules for defects, in order to standardize legal consequences. In case of all defects, time for passage of risk is reference-time, also usually time for delivery.
Key words：defects;quality-agreement;aliud-delivery;reference-time;law of sale
9.控制下交付案件中犯罪既遂與未遂的認定——以販賣毒品罪為研究對象（陳京春 西北政法大學(xué) 刑事法學(xué)院，陜西西安 710063）
摘要：販賣毒品罪是抽象危險犯�？刂葡陆桓秾τ谪溬u毒品罪的犯罪停止形態(tài)產(chǎn)生影響。在控制下交付的案件中，應(yīng)區(qū)別有害的控制下交付與無害的控制下交付，具體認定賣方和買方犯罪行為的停止形態(tài)，不應(yīng)一律認定為犯罪既遂。
關(guān)鍵詞：控制下交付；販賣毒品罪；犯罪未遂
Subject:Identification of Attempted Crime and Accomplished Crime in Controlled Delivery Cases
Author & unit:CHEN Jingchun(Northwest university of Politics & Law,Xi''an Shaanxi 710063，China)
Abstract：Drug trafficking is abstract Dangerous crime. Controlled delivery used in drug trafficking cases affect the identification of criminal cessation pattern.In the controlled delivery cases,the difference should be distinguished between harmful controlled delivery and harmless controlled delivery, in order to identify the criminal cessation pattern of seller and the buyer.
Key words：controlled delivery;attempted crime;drug trafficking
10.權(quán)利外“行為自由”的規(guī)制（肖澤晟 南京大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，江蘇南京 210093）
摘要：我國因缺乏對基本權(quán)利的權(quán)威解釋，以致目前出現(xiàn)了因禁乞、限制設(shè)置室外可見的室內(nèi)廣告等引發(fā)的行政合法性危機�；谖覈鴩�，我們無法照搬西方憲政的經(jīng)驗，而只能創(chuàng)造出“權(quán)利外行為自由”的概念，將不為法律限制也不受法律保護的行為納入其中。這樣的自由對國家權(quán)力僅具弱拘束力。根據(jù)對我國《憲法》文本的學(xué)理解釋，國家有權(quán)對權(quán)利外行為自由進行規(guī)制，但對不具負外部性的行為和不具規(guī)制必要性的行為，國家不得規(guī)制。為保障規(guī)制權(quán)不被濫用，規(guī)制主體有義務(wù)作出讓公眾信服的理由說明，確保不存在“多數(shù)人的偏見”和“少數(shù)人的偏見”。
關(guān)鍵詞：基本權(quán)利；行為自由；規(guī)制；公共利益；風(fēng)險
Subject:Regulation on Behavior Freedom Outside in the Right
Author& unit:XIAO Zesheng(Law School,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210093,China)Abstract：For lack of authentic interpretation of the fundamental right in China, there are crises about administrative legality aroused by banning begging, restricting outdoor visible indoor advertisement, and etc. Considering China’s national conditions, we cannot copy western constitutionalism experience, and can only create a “behavior freedom outside in the right”, which is used to protect those behavior neither received legal restrictions also not protected by law. This kind of freedom can only binding the state power weakly. According to the academic interpretation on the text of Chinese constitution, State has the power to regulate behavior freedom outside in the right, but may not regulate those behavior which do not have negative externalities and necessity to be regulated. In order to ensure the regulatory power not to be misused, regulatory authority have the obligation to provide the public with convincing reasons, ensure that there are no “most people prejudice”and “minority prejudice”.
Key words：fundamental right;behavior freedom;regulation;public interest;risk
11.民事訴訟案件事實誤認之預(yù)防機制研究（張海燕 山東大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，山東濟南 250100）
摘要：民事訴訟案件事實的誤認不僅直接關(guān)系到當事人的權(quán)利和義務(wù)，而且還間接損害著整個訴訟制度的正當性，甚至成為影響我國當下社會和諧穩(wěn)定的一個重要因素，因此，對于民事訴訟案件事實誤認預(yù)防機制的研究便顯得尤為必要和重要。要建構(gòu)有效的民事訴訟案件事實誤認預(yù)防機制，應(yīng)當從三個層面入手：一是保障裁判者認定案件事實理性思維進路的有序進行；二是有效導(dǎo)控裁判者非理性因素對案件事實認定的影響；三是完善裁判者認定案件事實的外在程序配置。
關(guān)鍵詞：民事訴訟；案件事實；誤認；預(yù)防機制
Subject:On the Prevention System of Wrong Fact-finding in Civil Action
Author & unit:ZHANG Haiyan (Law School, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong 250100, China)
Abstract：Wrong fact-finding in civil action not only relates directly to the rights and liabilities of both parties, bust also indirectly damages the legitimacy of the whole civil procedure system, and even influences the harmony and stability of our current society. Then, it becomes very necessary and important to study how to prevent the phenomenon of wrong fact-finding in civil action. The prevention system of wrong fact-finding should be constructed from three aspects. One is safeguarding the judges’ rational thinking process of fact-finding to proceed orderly. Two is validly guiding and controlling the influence from the judges’ irrational personalities on the fact-finding. Three is improving the external ensuring mechanism of procedure during the course of judges’ fact-finding.
Key words：civil action; judicial fact; wrong fact-finding; prevention system
12.行政訴訟中“訴的利益”（王珂瑾 山東政法學(xué)院 法學(xué)院，山東濟南 250014）
摘要：訴的利益是訴訟法學(xué)中一個非常重要的概念，是指當事人在其利益受到不利影響時，尋求司法救濟的必要性。訴的利益理論不僅應(yīng)在防止原告濫用訴權(quán)、避免被告無端應(yīng)訴和避免司法資源浪費方面發(fā)揮消極作用；更應(yīng)當在權(quán)利生成方面發(fā)揮其積極作用。訴的利益的認定標準問題實際上是一個利益衡量問題。訴的利益的范圍直接影響法院的主管范圍、原告資格以及訴訟類型等諸多問題。
關(guān)鍵詞：行政訴訟；訴的利益；認定標準；利益范圍
Subject:Interest of Action of Administrative Litigation
Author & unit:WANG Kejin（Shandong University of Political Science and Law,Jinan Shandong,250014，China）
Abstract：AS an important concept in procedural law, interest of action means the necessity of the party seeking judicial relief when his interests are adversely affected. Interest of action should not only play a negative role in preventing abuse of the plaintiff’s complaint, eliminating the respondent’s unwarranted appear and avoiding the waste of judicial resources, but also should play an active role in right building. The standard setting of interest of action is actually an issue of interest measurement. The extent of interest of action has direct impact on competence of court, plaintiff qualifications, types of proceedings and many other issues.
Key words：administrative proceedings；interest of action；standard setting；extent of interest
13.勞動法調(diào)整對象再認識與勞動法學(xué)科重構(gòu)（常 凱 中國人民大學(xué) 勞動人事學(xué)院，北京 100872）
摘要：隨著中國勞動關(guān)系集體化轉(zhuǎn)型的發(fā)生，勞動法的調(diào)整對象也由以往主要局限于個別勞動關(guān)系調(diào)整，轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐詡�別勞動關(guān)系調(diào)整為基礎(chǔ)，以集體勞動關(guān)系調(diào)整為主線，以社會勞動關(guān)系調(diào)整為目標。規(guī)范的市場經(jīng)濟下勞動法的作用，是從個別勞動關(guān)系的從屬性出發(fā)，通過集體勞動關(guān)系的對等性，來實現(xiàn)社會勞動關(guān)系的協(xié)調(diào)性。與中國勞動關(guān)系和勞動法治的集體化轉(zhuǎn)型相適應(yīng)，中國勞動法學(xué)科理論基礎(chǔ)和結(jié)構(gòu)體系也需重構(gòu)，構(gòu)建一個以個別勞動關(guān)系調(diào)整為基礎(chǔ)、以集體勞動關(guān)系調(diào)整為中心的新的勞動法學(xué)科體系，已經(jīng)成為中國勞動法學(xué)科發(fā)展的當務(wù)之急。
關(guān)鍵詞：勞動關(guān)系集體化轉(zhuǎn)型；勞動法調(diào)整對象；勞動法體系重構(gòu)
Subject:Rethinking Adjustment Object of Labor Law and Reconstruction of the Course of Labor Law
Author & unit:CHANG Kai（School of Labor and Human Resources, Renmin University of China，Beijing 100872,China）
Abstract：With the advent of collectivized transformation of labor relation in China, the adjustment object of labor law shifted from the adjustment mainly upon individualized relationship to adapting for collective labor relations as the main body based on adjusting individual labor relation in pursuit of adapting for social labor relations. The role of labor law in a normative market economy starts from the subordination of individual labor relations to achieve the coordination of the social labor relations by striking the balance of the collective labor relations. Being compatible with the collectivized transformation of labor relations and labor law in China, the theoretical foundation and academic system of the Chinese Labor Law as a course is subject to reconstruction. It is of top priority to construct a new academic system of Labor Law focusing on adapting for collective labor relations on the basis of adjustment on individual labor relations.
Key words：collectivized transformation of labor relations;adjustment object of the labor law;reconstruction of the system of labor law
14.法律理性與法律的技術(shù)化（周少華 東南大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，江蘇南京 211189）
摘要：現(xiàn)代法律制度的每一個建構(gòu)性要素及其運作過程的每一個環(huán)節(jié)，都表現(xiàn)出很強的技術(shù)性特征，這使得法律成為一種典型的社會技術(shù)。法律技術(shù)鑄成了法律的確定性，使法律規(guī)范系統(tǒng)化；它劃定了行為合法與不法的界限，使人們對自己的行為后果更有預(yù)期。可以說，技術(shù)化是法律理性在形式方面最重要的表現(xiàn)，而實踐的特點決定了理性必然是形式理性與實質(zhì)理性的統(tǒng)一，作為法律價值的載體和法律目的的支持系統(tǒng)，法律技術(shù)本身也是法治的基本條件之一。因此，法律的技術(shù)性特征及其意義應(yīng)當受到重視，法律技術(shù)的功能也有待于我們加以深入地研究。
關(guān)鍵詞：法律理性；社會控制；社會技術(shù)
Subject:Legal Rationality and Legal Technology
Author & unit:ZHOU Shaohua(School of law, Southeast University, Nanjing Jiangsu 211189， China)
Abstract：Every construct element and every operational tache of the modern legal system shows strong technical characteristic, which makes the law to become a typical social technology. Legal technology induces legal certainty and the systematization of legal norms, delimits the boundary between legality and illegality. The technology is the most important manifestation of legal rationality, and the legal rationality must be the unity of formal rationality and essential rationality, and as the carrier of legal value and the support of legal purpose, it should be the basic condition of nomocracy. Therefore, the technical characteristic and significance of the law should be taken seriously, and the function of legal technology needs also an in-depth study.
Key words：legal rationality; social control; social technology
15.債權(quán)類民間融資演化為犯罪的制度動因及其防范（汪麗麗 山西財經(jīng)大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，山西太原 030006）
摘要：各地民間借貸風(fēng)波與非法集資類案件的頻發(fā)日益困擾著我國民間金融制度的正常發(fā)展，繼而影響到中國金融體制改革的進程。對于這種內(nèi)生性的融資行為緣何轉(zhuǎn)化為犯罪行為，厘清其界限，并進行制度分析顯得尤為重要。金融抑制政策、法律規(guī)定的不健全、法律責(zé)任體系的不完善等一系列制度誘因，導(dǎo)致中小企業(yè)融資難、民間資本投資渠道的不暢通，繼而從外部誘發(fā)不正當民間融資行為的產(chǎn)生。故而，需要明確民間融資的法律地位、厘清監(jiān)管邊界、健全法律責(zé)任體系，從制度上變打擊為預(yù)防。
關(guān)鍵詞：民間融資；非法集資；制度動因
Subject:The Analysis of Institutional Reason and Prevention from the Private Finace to Illegal Fund-Rasing Crime
Author & unit:WANG Lili (Shanxi University of Finance and Economy, Taiyuan Shanxi 030006,China)
Abstract：China private finance system’s normal development is troubled by the constant expansion of private loan and illegal fund-raising, thereby affecting China’s financial reform process. For the endogenous financing acts, why translating into criminal behavior, clarifying their boundaries and institutional analysis are particularly important. A series of institutional incentives, financial repression policy, the law’s imperfect, imperfect liability system, led to SMEs financing’ difficult, and that private capital investment channels are not blocked, then cause improper private financing behavior generation from external. Therefore, clearing the legal status of private finance, clarifying the regulatory boundary, and improving the liability system, it would become more critical from the combat system to prevention.
Key words：private finance;illegal fund-raising;institutional reason
16.前構(gòu)成要件行為概念之提倡——兼評可罰違法性理論和我國《刑法》第13條但書規(guī)定
（楊 柳 東南大學(xué) 法學(xué)院，江蘇南京 211189）
摘要：前構(gòu)成要件行為是指尚未進入刑法評價的行為，是刑法評價的對象。前構(gòu)成要件行為具有行為性和法益侵害性兩大特征，由行為人、行為、行為對象以及法益四個要素予以體現(xiàn)。前構(gòu)成要件行為的功能在于將法益侵害輕微的行為排除在刑法評價對象之外，并且區(qū)分了刑法評價對象和刑法評價本身。因此，前構(gòu)成要件行為實質(zhì)上發(fā)揮了三階層理論中可罰違法性的機能，并且暗合了我國《刑法》第13條但書的規(guī)定，避免了其在犯罪論體系上的弊病，因而具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。
關(guān)鍵詞：前構(gòu)成要件行為；刑法評價對象；刑法評價；可罰違法性
Subject:Advocating the concept of former behavior of the consisting elements ——Comment penalty illegal Theory and the Criminal Law 13 but the book
Author & unit:YANG Liu( Law school of Southeast University，Nanjing Jiangsu 211189，China)
Abstract：The former elements behavior what is not yet entered the criminal law assessment. It is the object of the evaluation of criminal law. It have two major features:behavioral and infringement the legal interest. It is reflected by the four elements of human behavior, behavior, the object of conduct and legal interests. The function of the former elements behavior is excluded from the evaluation of the object of criminal law outside the legal interests against minor acts, and the distinction between criminal law evaluation of the object and the criminal law of the evaluation itself. Therefore, the former elements behavior is essentially play in three sectors of the theory can be fined the illegal nature of the function, and coincident with the provisions of the Criminal Law 13, but the book, to avoid the shortcomings in the criminal system, and it has important theoretical and practical significance.
Key words：The former elements behavior; the object of Criminal law evaluation; Criminal law evaluation; Illegality can be fined
17.法治時代的解釋主義之爭——以陳金釗與范進學(xué)之間有關(guān)法律解釋問題的爭論為分析對象（王國龍 西北政法大學(xué)，陜西西安 710063）
摘要：發(fā)生在陳金釗和范進學(xué)之間有關(guān)法律解釋問題的爭論，擴及到對諸多相關(guān)法律理論問題上的爭論。雙方秉持各自“反對解釋”抑或“如何解釋”的立場，從對“法治反對解釋”命題的“真/假”之爭不斷地上升到對相關(guān)法律解釋學(xué)的學(xué)科屬性之爭、司法觀之爭、法律觀之爭以及法治觀之爭等。無論是主張守法主義的法律意識形態(tài)，還是主張能動主義的法律意識形態(tài)，實際上，法治時代同時需要這兩種不同的聲音。
關(guān)鍵詞：反對解釋；如何解釋；法治；法律意識形態(tài)
Subject:A Debate about Legal Interpretation in the Era of the Rule of Law
Author & unit:WANG Guolong（North-west University of Politic Science and Law, Xi’an
Shaanxi 710063，China）
Abstract：The debate about legal interpretation between Chen Jin-zhao and Fan Jin-xue involves so many divergences in legal theory. Both insist on themselves’ “resisting interpretation” or “how to interpret”, the queries arise from the “true or false” to the topic of“Rule of Law Resisting Interpretation”, to the nature of legal interpretation, the view of law, the nature of justice and the view of Rule of Law. In fact, between the Legalism and the Activism, the era of Rule of Law needs both.
Key words：resisting interpretation; how to interpret; Rule of Law; legal ideology
18.論我國立法后評估啟動的常態(tài)化（陳書全中國海洋大學(xué) 法政學(xué)院，山東青島 266100）
摘要：一項新制度能否持續(xù)開展并加以制度化，既取決于立法主體的共同認可和支持，也有賴于規(guī)范化啟動程序的保障。立法后評估的推行不應(yīng)當是立法機關(guān)臨時性有選擇地挑選某一部法律法規(guī)的“試檢”，而應(yīng)當是以法確立的常態(tài)化制度�；谟行谥贫鹊牧⒎ê笤u估啟動與基于評估預(yù)警期的立法后評估啟動有機銜接、相互配合，可以有效避免、克服立法后怠于評估和立法后評估隨意啟動的弊端，從而保障立法后評估啟動的常態(tài)化。
關(guān)鍵詞：立法后評估；日落條款；預(yù)警期限；常態(tài)化
Subject:Study on the Normalization Startup of the After-legislation Assessment
Author & unit:CHEN Shuquan(Law and Politics School, Ocean University of China, Qingdao Shandong 266100,China)
Abstract：Whether a new system could be carried out continuously and be institutionalized, which depends on the legislative subjects’ common recognition and support, also the security of the regular startup process. The implementation of the after-legislation assessment should not be tested by the legislatures who choose a law and a regulation temporarily and optionally, but should be a long-term and normal institution established by laws. The starting mechanisms of after-legislation assessment based on the period of validity and the warning period can avoid effectively the weakness of failing to evaluate or starting the evaluation randomly.
Key words：after-legislation assessment; sunset clause; warning deadline; normalization
19.美國農(nóng)業(yè)合作社的形態(tài)法定化及其啟示（盧代富，譚貴華 西南政法大學(xué) 經(jīng)濟法學(xué)院，重慶 401120）
摘要：在美國，農(nóng)業(yè)合作社是農(nóng)場主為了滿足自身生存發(fā)展的需要，在借鑒歐洲合作社尤其是羅虛代爾公平先鋒社先進經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上，探索和創(chuàng)造出來的一種組織形態(tài)；這種組織形態(tài)最初并未體現(xiàn)于法律中。及至20世紀初期以后，在尋求農(nóng)業(yè)合作社反壟斷豁免及稅收優(yōu)惠的過程中，經(jīng)由制定法和判例法的合力，農(nóng)業(yè)合作社逐步實現(xiàn)了形態(tài)法定化，并在法律的助推下得以進一步勃興。美國農(nóng)業(yè)合作社形態(tài)法定化的實踐給我們提供了如下啟示：應(yīng)重視并充分運用法律手段來提升農(nóng)民合作經(jīng)濟組織的績效；農(nóng)民合作經(jīng)濟組織法律制度的確立應(yīng)積極回應(yīng)實踐中的制度創(chuàng)新；我國農(nóng)業(yè)反壟斷豁免的主體界定可借鑒美國的成功經(jīng)驗。
關(guān)鍵詞：美國農(nóng)業(yè)合作社；農(nóng)民合作經(jīng)濟組織；組織形態(tài)；法定化；農(nóng)業(yè)反壟斷豁免
Subject:The Process of Delimiting the Forms of Agricultural Cooperatives through Statutes in the U.S. and Its Inspirations
Author & unit:LU Daifu，TAN Guihua（Economic Law School，Southwest University of Political Science and Law，Chongqing 401120，China）
Abstract：In the United States, agricultural cooperative is a type of organizational form, created and explored by farmers in order to survive and develop, and also based on the experience of cooperatives in Europe, in particular, the Rochdale Equitable Pioneers Society. This type of organizational form initially was not regulated by law. Until the early 20th century and later, in the process of seeking antitrust dispensation and tax preferences, agricultural cooperative''s forms have been gradually delimited through statutes and case law. Based on this, the agricultural cooperatives experienced further vigorous rising, which can still be witnessed today. Therefrom, we can gain inspirations as follows: to fully value and utilize legal systems so as to promote the performance of cooperative economic organizations of farmers; to found legal systems for cooperative economic organizations of farmers in energetic response to institutional innovations in practice; to draw lessons from the U.S. experience in a proper way when delimiting subjects and seeking antitrust immunity.
Key words：agricultural cooperatives in the U.S.；cooperative economic organizations of farmers; forms of organization；the statutory process of statutory；agricultural immunity from antitrust
20.中國專利創(chuàng)造性條件的改進建議（管榮齊 天津工業(yè)大學(xué) 文法學(xué)院，天津 300387）
摘要：創(chuàng)造性、新穎性、實用性是專利授權(quán)的三個實質(zhì)條件，其中尤以創(chuàng)造性最主觀、最難以把握。創(chuàng)造性在美國稱為“非顯而易見性”，在歐洲稱為“創(chuàng)造性步驟”，在日本稱為“進步性”，其意義基本相同。而在我國，“創(chuàng)造性”由兩部分構(gòu)成：一是“突出的實質(zhì)性特點”，等同于“非顯而易見性”，其構(gòu)成要素之一是“現(xiàn)有技術(shù)”。為了有效防止垃圾專利泛濫，建議對“現(xiàn)有技術(shù)”做出最大范圍的認定；二是“顯著的進步”，體現(xiàn)為“有益的技術(shù)效果”，形式上看似中國專利創(chuàng)造性條件比其他國家更高，而實際上這是專利實用性條件的主要內(nèi)涵。為了簡化創(chuàng)造性的審查，建議我國在專利創(chuàng)造性條件中取消對“顯著的進步”的要求。
關(guān)鍵詞：專利；創(chuàng)造性；非顯而易見性
Subject:Recommendations for Improvement of Patent Creativity in China
Author & unit:GUAN Rongqi(School of Humanities and laws, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China)
Abstract：Creativity, Novelty, Practicality are three substantive conditions for patent licensing, among which Creativity is especially most subjective, most difficult to grasp. Creativity is called “Non-Obviousness” in the United States, “Inventive Step” in Europe or “Progressive” in Japan, which meanings are basically the same. In China, Creativity consists of two parts: one is “Prominent Substantive Features”, which is equivalent to “Non-Obviousness”; the other is “Significant Progress”, which reflects “Beneficial Technical Effects”. As one of the elements of “Prominent Substantive Features”, “Prior Art” is recommended to be identified in maximum range in order to effectively prevent garbage patents flooding. In form Creativity in China appears higher than those in other countries, but in fact “Beneficial Technical Effects” is the main connotation of patent Practicality condition. In order to simplify Creativity review, it is recommended to cancel the requirement of “Significant Progress” in Creativity in China.
Key words：patent; creativity; non-obviousness
21.論《歐盟運行條約》第102條在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)領(lǐng)域的擴大適用——以阿斯利康公司訴歐盟委員會一案為視角（尹雪萍 華東政法大學(xué) 國際法學(xué)院，上海 200042）
摘要：自由競爭和知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護是現(xiàn)代國家建立和完善市場經(jīng)濟制度，保護消費者利益的兩把利劍。以往判例所確立的原則是歐盟競爭法在特殊情形下被有限的適用于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)行使過程中的某些行為，競爭法的適用通常要滿足非常嚴格的條件。而在新近作出的一份判決中，歐盟普通法院首次將《歐盟運行條約》第102條①適用于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的申請行為，而且在適用過程中，明顯放寬適用條件。這種在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)領(lǐng)域擴大適用競爭規(guī)則的行為有損知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法律體系的獨立性，而且在今后類似案件中也不具有較強的可操作性，其僅具有特例性，而非普遍意義。
關(guān)鍵詞：自由競爭；知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護；濫用市場支配地位
Subject:On the Extensive Application of Article 102 of The Treaty on the Functioning of European Union to Intellectual Property Right ——on AstraZeneca v. European Commission
Author&unit:YIN Xueping（School of International Law, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 200042, China）
Abstract：Free competition and intellectual property right protection are compared to two swords for the construction of modern country, the improvement of the market economic system and the protection of the consumer’s right. The principles established by precedents were that the EU competition law applied restrictively to some of the conducts during the exercise of intellectual property right. The conditions for application are extremely strict. The recent judgment of EU General Court, for the first time, applied Article 102 of The Treaty on the Functioning of European Union to the application of intellectual property right. In addition, the conditions for the application of the article have been softened. However, this judgment, enlarging the application of competition laws in the intellectual property right field, is detrimental to the independence of the legal system of intellectual property right and is not practical for future cases. Therefore, this is a special case, rather than a universal one.
Key words：free competition; intellectual property rights protection; abuse of market dominant position
日期：2012-7-26 14:49:47 | 關(guān)閉 | 分享到：